Introduction to GA4 SQL in BigQuery

Google Analytics 4 (GA4) SQL in BigQuery is a robust tool designed to help businesses analyze their digital data at a granular level. Unlike traditional analytics tools that provide predefined reports, GA4 SQL allows users to query their data directly in BigQuery, offering unparalleled flexibility in data analysis. This direct querying capability is crucial for businesses looking to perform complex analysis, create custom metrics, or integrate GA4 data with other data sources for a holistic view of their operations. For example, suppose a company wants to understand user behavior across different devices and platforms. Using GA4 SQL, they can write queries to track user interactions (e.g., page views, transactions) across web and mobile apps, analyze user journeys, and identify patterns that may not be visible in standard reports. Additionally, GA4's schema, which includes nested and repeated fields like `event_params` and `items`, allows for detailed analysis of event-level data, making it ideal for businesses with complex data needs.

Main Functions of GA4 SQL in BigQuery

  • Custom Event Tracking

    Example Example

    SELECT event_name, COUNT(*) AS event_count FROM `{table_name}` WHERE _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20230801' AND '20230831' GROUP BY event_name ORDER BY event_count DESC;

    Example Scenario

    This function allows businesses to track and analyze specific events (e.g., button clicks, form submissions) that are critical to their operations. For instance, an e-commerce company can use this query to identify which product categories are most viewed by users, enabling them to optimize their inventory and marketing strategies.

  • User Journey Analysis

    Example Example

    WITH user_journey AS (SELECT user_pseudo_id, ARRAY_AGG(event_name ORDER BY event_timestamp) AS events FROM `{table_name}` WHERE _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20230801' AND '20230831' GROUP BY user_pseudo_id) SELECT * FROM user_journey WHERE ARRAY_TO_STRING(events, ' > ') LIKE '%product_view > add_to_cart > purchase%';

    Example Scenario

    Businesses can map out the paths users take on their websites or apps, identifying key steps that lead to conversions or drop-offs. A retail company could use this to analyze the effectiveness of their sales funnel by tracking how many users who viewed a product also added it to their cart and then completed the purchase.

  • Advanced Segmentation

    Example Example

    SELECT platform, COUNT(DISTINCT user_pseudo_id) AS active_users FROM `{table_name}` WHERE event_name = 'user_engagement' AND _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN '20230801' AND '20230831' GROUP BY platform;

    Example Scenario

    This function helps businesses segment their audience based on various attributes like device, location, or behavior. For instance, a media company could use this query to compare user engagement on different platforms (e.g., mobile vs. desktop), allowing them to tailor their content strategy to the preferences of their most active users.

Ideal Users of GA4 SQL in BigQuery

  • Data Analysts and Data Scientists

    These professionals benefit the most from GA4 SQL due to its powerful data querying capabilities. They can write complex SQL queries to extract detailed insights from large datasets, perform A/B testing, and create predictive models based on user behavior. GA4 SQL allows them to go beyond the limitations of standard reports and dashboards, enabling deeper analysis and data-driven decision-making.

  • Digital Marketers and Product Managers

    Marketers and product managers can use GA4 SQL to gain a deeper understanding of customer behavior and campaign performance. By analyzing detailed event data, they can optimize marketing strategies, improve user engagement, and drive product development. For example, they can track the effectiveness of marketing campaigns across different channels or identify which product features are most popular among users.

How to Use GA4 SQL

  • Visit aichatonline.org for a free trial without login, no need for ChatGPT Plus.

    Begin by accessing the website aichatonline.org, where you can start a free trial without the need to log in or have a ChatGPT Plus subscription.

  • Access Your BigQuery Account

    Log in to your Google Cloud Platform account, navigate to BigQuery, and ensure that you have the necessary permissions to access GA4 datasets.

  • Identify Your GA4 Dataset and Table Name

    Locate your GA4 dataset within BigQuery, identify the specific table you wish to query, and note down its name for use in SQL queries.

  • Write and Execute SQL Queries

    Use the GA4 SQL syntax to write queries tailored to your analysis needs, incorporating key dimensions and metrics relevant to your website or app analytics.

  • Analyze and Export Query Results

    Review the results of your queries, and if necessary, export the data to your preferred format for further analysis or reporting.

  • Conversion Rate
  • Session Analysis
  • User Tracking
  • Ecommerce Data
  • Custom Reports

GA4 SQL Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is GA4 SQL?

    GA4 SQL refers to the use of SQL queries to extract and analyze data from Google Analytics 4 (GA4) datasets within Google BigQuery. It enables users to perform in-depth analysis of their website or app data.

  • How can I query session data by source/medium in GA4?

    To query session data by source/medium, you can use a SQL query that aggregates session information based on traffic source attributes. This involves joining session IDs with the source and medium fields to create detailed reports on traffic origins.

  • How do I calculate the engagement rate using GA4 SQL?

    The engagement rate can be calculated by dividing the number of engaged sessions by the total number of sessions. You can identify engaged sessions by filtering sessions where the 'session_engaged' event parameter equals '1'.

  • Can GA4 SQL be used to track ecommerce transactions?

    Yes, GA4 SQL can track ecommerce transactions by querying events related to purchases. You can sum the purchase revenues and count transactions by filtering for events with the 'purchase' name.

  • What are common use cases for GA4 SQL?

    Common use cases include session analysis, user behavior tracking, conversion rate optimization, ecommerce performance monitoring, and custom event analysis to derive insights specific to business goals.