C++ (Cpp)-coding tool for learning C++

Example

A classic example of OOP in C++ is defining a class `Car` that has attributes like `color`, `model`, and methods like `startEngine()`, `stopEngine()`. Each `Car` object can then be manipulated independently, encapsulating the data and functionality together.

Scenario

In a large software system, OOP allows developers to manage complexity by organizing code into classes and objects, making the system more modular, maintainable, and scalable. For example, in a banking system, `Account`, `Customer`, and `Transaction` can be distinct classes with specific responsibilities.

Example

C++ provides the ability to allocate and deallocate memory manually using `new` and `delete` operators. For instance, dynamically allocating an array of integers: `int* arr = new int[10];` and then releasing the memory with `delete[] arr;`.

Scenario

This function is crucial in systems programming, where fine-grained control over memory usage is necessary. For example, in developing an operating system, C++ allows for managing memory directly, ensuring optimal performance and resource utilization.

Example

Templates in C++ allow writing generic functions or classes that can operate with any data type. For instance, a template function for swapping two variables can be written as `template<typename T> void swap(T& a, T& b) { T temp = a; a = b; b = temp; }`.

Scenario

Generic programming is widely used in creating libraries that need to work with different data types. For instance, the C++ Standard Template Library (STL) uses templates extensively to provide generic data structures like `vector`, `list`, and algorithms like `sort`, which can work with any data type.